Los colores del emprendimiento en Brasil: Efectos de la etnia sobre los ingresos desde una perspectiva del comportamiento
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14211/regepe.e1933Palabras clave:
Emprendimiento, Emprendimiento negro, Teoría effectuation, Necesidad de emprendimiento.Resumen
Objetivo: analizar si las lógicas conductuales de la toma de decisiones pueden mitigar los efectos del prejuicio étnico sobre los ingresos del emprendedor. Método: con base en el tema del emprendimiento por necesidad y la teoría effectuation, se elaboró una encuesta a 107 emprendedores en Brasil, tomando en cuenta diferentes aspectos socioeconómicos capaces de mitigar o acentuar dichos efectos. Se utilizó análisis de correlación y regresión lineal para examinar los datos recolectados, considerándose variables socioeconómicas como variables de control. Originalidad/Relevancia: el estudio contempla la lógica predominante del comportamiento emprendedor y el emprendimiento por necesidad en la discusión sobre los efectos del prejuicio étnico sobre los ingresos de quienes lo emprenden. Resultados: los resultados corroboran la investigación desarrollada por el Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, indicando que la condición étnica tiene efectos nocivos en el beneficio personal del emprendedor, por prejuicio, pero indican que existe una mitigación parcial de dichos efectos dependiendo de la lógica de comportamiento adoptada por el emprendedor. Aportes teóricos/metodológicos: este estudio señala cómo la interacción entre la etnia y el comportamiento emprendedor también puede generar resultados positivos en las ganancias del emprendedor, aunque los efectos del prejuicio no se mitigan del todo, incluso si hay un esfuerzo en la planificación o uso del conocimiento, las habilidades y la red de relacionamientos del emprendedor. Contribuciones sociales/de gestión: las características de comportamiento en la toma de decisiones (causation o effectuation) pueden mitigar los efectos del prejuicio étnico sobre los ingresos obtenidos por el emprendedor. A pesar de no ser estadísticamente significativas, estas características tienen el potencial, por tanto, de ofrecer subsidios para establecer políticas públicas afirmativas de inserción y de educación emprendedora.
JEL CODE: L26, C12, C83, D91, M14
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