The Internationalization in the Innovation Process in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Brazilian Startup
DOI:
10.14211/regepe.v9i2.1577Keywords:
Internationalization strategy, Innovation process, Startups, Information and Communication Technology (ICT)Abstract
Objective: To understand how the innovation process is impacted by the internationalization strategy of the Brazilian ICT startups.
Method: The multiple cases study was adopted with seven startups. The analysis was based on the concepts of internationalization strategy defined by Carneiro and Dib (2007) and the innovation process of Tidd and Bessant (2009). Data was collected through interviews with the founders of the startups, documental analysis and observation.
Originality / Relevance: Internationalization and innovation are usually addressed separately and focused mainly in large companies. Studies connecting both themes are scarce in the academic literature., especially in emerging countries.
Results: The motivation, the choice of the country, the time to internationalization, what was internationalized and the way the startups arrived in other country impacted the innovation process of the startups. However, it was observed that the choice of the country and the form of entry contributed more to the innovation process of these nascent companies.
Theoretical / methodological contributions: The academic contribution is the empirical observation of the innovation process, considering the internationalization, in startups in an emerging country. Through the results, eight propositions were brought up to path future studies about those themes.
Social / management contributions: Based on the innovation process as a way for startups to be competitive this study contributes by identifying internationalization strategies that lead startups to the advancement of the innovation process. In this way, Brazilian ICT startups and public policies can support the development of these strategies.
Downloads
References
Abreu, P., & Campos, N. (2016). O Panorama das Aceleradoras de Startups no Brasil. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. USA, FGV-EAESP.
Abstartup. (2019). Associação Brasileira de Startups. Disponível em: <https://abstartups.com.br/>. Acesso em: 28 fev. 2019.
Ansoff, H. I. (1993). Implantando a Administração Estratégica. 2. ed., São Paulo: Atlas.
Alcácer, J., Cantwell, J., & Piscitello, L. (2016). Internationalization in the information age: A new era for places, firms, and international business networks? Journal of International Business Studies, v. 47, pp. 499-512, DOI: 10.1057/jibs.2016.22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2016.22
Autio, E., Sapienza, H, & Almeida, J. (2000) Effects of Age at Entry, Knowledge Intensity, and Imitability on International Growth. Academy of Management Journal, v. 43, n. 5, pp. 909-924. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/1556419
Barakat, L. L., Cretoiu, S. L., Simões, L. G., Resende, L. V., & Alvim, F. M. (2017). Ranking FDC das Multinacionais Brasileiras. 12. ed. Fundação Dom Cabral.
Baregheh, A., Rowley, J., & Sambrook, S. (2009). Towards a Multidisciplinary Definition of Innovation. Management Decision, v. 47, n. 8, pp.1323-1339. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740910984578
Blank, S., & Dorf, B. (2012). The Startup Owner’s Manual. Alta Books.
Bicudo, L. (2016) Afinal, O que é uma Startup? Startse Infomoney. São Paulo. Disponível em: < https://www.startse.com/noticia/startups/18963/afinal-o-que-e-uma-startup>. Acesso em: 28 abr. 2019.
Boermans, M. A., & Roelfsema, H. (2016). Small Firm Internationalization, Innovation, and Growth. International Economics and Economic Policy, v. 13, n. 2, pp. 283-296. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10368-014-0310-y
Cannone, G., & Ughetto, E. (2015). Internationalization Flows of High-Tech Start-Ups: A gravity model. European Business Review, v. 27, n. 1, pp. 60-79. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-03-2014-0020
Carneiro, J., & Dib, L. A. (2007). Avaliação Comparativa do Escopo Descritivo e Explanatório dos Principais Modelos de Internacionalização de Empresas. INTERNEXT – Revista Eletrônica de Negócios Internacionais Da ESPM, v. 2, n. 1, pp. 1-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18568/1980-4865.211-25
Coviello, N. (2016). The Network Dynamics of International New Ventures. Journal of International Business Studies, v. 37, pp. 713-731. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400219
Da Rocha, A., Simões, V. C., Mello, R. C., & Carneiro, J. (2017) From Global Start-Ups to the Borderless Firm: Why and how to build a worldwide value system. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, v.15, n.2, p.121-144. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-017-0200-9
Galina, S. R. V. (2018) Internacionalização para Inovação: Um estudo com empresas brasileiras de TIC. Tese (Livre Docência), Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contábeis de Ribeirão Preto.
Goodman, L. A. (1961). Snowball Sampling. Annals of Mathematical Statistics. 32:148-70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1214/aoms/1177705148
Gopalakrishnan, S. (2000). Unravelling the Links Between Dimensions of Innovation and Organizational Performance. The Journal of High Technology Management Research, v. 28, n. 1, pp. 109-119. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1047-8310(00)00024-9
Handcock, M. S., & Gile, K. J. (2011). Comment: On the Concept of Snowball Sampling. Sociological Methodology, v. 41, n. 1, pp. 367-371. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9531.2011.01243.x>. Acesso em: 21 jul. 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9531.2011.01243.x
Hippel, E. (2005). Democratizing innovation. 6. ed. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/2333.001.0001
Hsu, C. W., Lien, Y. C., Chen, H. (2015). R&D Internationalization and Innovation Performance. International Business Review, v. 24, n. 2, pp.187-195. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2014.07.007
Jenner, B. M., & Myers, C. K. (2019). Intimacy, rapport, and exceptional disclosure: a comparison of in-person and mediated interview contexts. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, v. 22, n. 2, pp. 165-177.
DOI: 10.1080/13645579.2018.1512694 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2018.1512694
Jones, M. V., Coviello, N. E. (2015) Internationalisation: Conceptualising an entrepreneurial process of behaviour in time. Journal of International Business Studies, v. 36, pp. 284-303. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400138
Kafouros M. I, Buckleya, P. J., Sharp, J. A., & Wang, C. (2018). The Role Of Internationalization in Explaining Innovation Performance. Technovation, v. 28, n. 1-2, pp. 63-74. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2007.07.009>. Acesso em: 3 mai. 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2007.07.009
Knight, G. A., Cavusgil, S. T. (1996). The Born Global Firm: A challenge to traditional internationalization theory. Advances in International Marketing, v. 8, pp.11-26.
Kuivalainen, O., Sundqvist, S., & Servais, P. (2007). Firms’ Degree of Born-Globalness, International Entrepreneurial Orientation and Export Performance. Journal of World Business, v. 42, n. 3, pp. 253-267. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2007.04.010
Laurell, H., Achtenhagen, L., & Andersson, S. (2017). The Changing Role of Network Ties and Critical Capabilities in an International New Venture’s Early Development. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, v. 13, n. 1, pp. 113-140. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-016-0398-3
Madsen, T. K., & Servais, P. (1997) The Internationalization of Born Globals: An evolutionary process? International Business Review, v. 6, n. 6, pp. 561-583. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-5931(97)00032-2
Magnani, G., & Zucchella, A. (2019). Coping with uncertainty in the internationalisation strategy: An exploratory study on entrepreneurial firms. International Marketing Review, v. 36, n. 1, pp.131-163. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-02-2017-0042>. Acesso em: 13 mai. 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-02-2017-0042
Neubert, M. (2018). The Impact of Digitalization on the Speed of Internationalization of Lean Global Startups. Technology Innovation Management Review. v. 8, n. 5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1158
OCDE. (2018). Oslo Manual 2018: Guidelines for Collecting, Reporting and Using Data on Innovation, 4. ed. The Measurement of Scientific, Technological and Innovation Activities, OECD Publishing, Paris/Eurostat, Luxembourg. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264304604-en
OCDE. (2017). ICT and innovation, in OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard: The digital transformation, OECD Publishing, Paris. Disponível em: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/sti_scoreboard-2017-24-en>. Acesso em: 24 ago. 2019.
Oviatt, B. M., & Mcdougall, P. P. (1994) Toward a Theory of International New Ventures. Journal of International Business Studies, v. 25, n. 1, pp. 45-64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490193
Pilwarsch, P. (2017). Early Internationalizing Firms in the Brazilian Software Industry. 2017. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Escola Brasileira de Administração Pública e de Empresas, Centro de Formação Acadêmica e Pesquisa, 51p.
Rasmussen, E. S., & Tanev, S. (2015) The Emergence of the Lean Global Start-Up as a New Type of Firm. Technology Innovation Management Review, v. 5, n. 11, pp.12-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22215/timreview941
Rhyne, L. C., Teagarden, M. B., & Panhuyzen, W. (2002). Technology-Based Competitive Strategies: The relationship of cultural Dimensions to new product innovation. Journal of High Technology Management Research, v. 13, n. 2, pp. 249-277. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1047-8310(02)00047-0
Ries, E. (2012). A Startup Enxuta: Como os Empreendedores Atuais Utilizam a Inovação Contínua para Criar Empresas Extremamente Bem-Sucedidas. Brasil: Leya.
Rujirawanich, P., Addison R., & Smallman, C. (2011). The Effects of Cultural Factors on Innovation in a Thai SME. Management Research Review, v. 34, n. 12, pp. 1264-1279. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/01409171111186397
Sampson, R. C. (2007). R&D Alliances and Firm Performance: The impact of technological diversity and alliance organization on innovation. Academy of Management Journal, v. 50, n. 2, pp. 364-386. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2007.24634443
Stayton, J., & Mangematin, V. (2016). Startup Time, Innovation and Organizational Emergence: A study of USA-based international technology ventures. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, v. 14, n. 3, pp. 373-409. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-016-0183-y
Tanev, S. (2017). Is There a Lean Future for Global Startups? Technology Innovation Management Review, v. 7, n. 5, pp. 6-15. Disponível em: DOI: https://doi.org/10.22215/timreview1072
<http://timreview.ca/article/1072>. Acesso em: 12 ago. 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5771/9783845279893-1072
Tidd, J., & Bessant, J. (2009). Managing Innovation Integrating Technological, Market and organizational Change. 4. ed. Whiley and Sons Ltd., 600p.
Weerawardena, J., Gillian, S. M., Salunke, S., Knight, G., & Liesch, P. (2015) The Role of the Market Sub-System and the Socio-Technical Sub-System in Innovation and Firm Performance: A dynamic capabilities approach. Journal of the Academy of Marketing, v. 43, pp. 221-239. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0382-9
Yang, T. T., & Li, C. R. (2011). Competence Exploration and Exploitation in New Product Development: The moderating effects of environmental dynamism and competitiveness, Management Decision, v. 49, n. 9, pp. 1444-1470. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/00251741111173934
Yin, R. K. (2015) Estudo de Caso: Planejamento e métodos. 5. ed. Porto Alegre: Bookman, 320p.
Zahra, S. A., Ireland, R. D., & Hitt, M. A. (2000). International Expansion by New Venture Firms: International diversity, mode of market entry, technological learning, and performance. Academy of Management Journal, v. 43, n. 5, pp. 925-950. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1556420
Zijdemans, E., & Tanev, S. (2014). Conceptualizing Innovation in Born- Global Firms. Technology Innovation Management Review, v. 4, n. 9, pp. 5-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/826
Downloads
Published
Métricas
Visualizações do artigo: 992 PDF (Português (Brasil)) downloads: 365 PDF downloads: 378
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
-
The author(s) authorize the publication of the text in the journal;
-
The journal is not responsible for the opinions, ideas, and concepts expressed in the texts, as they are the sole responsibility of their authors;
-
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work published under the CC BY 4.0
License, which allows sharing the work with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal; -
Authors are allowed and encouraged to post their work (Submitted version, Accepted version [Manuscript accepted by the author], or Published version [Record version]) online, for example in institutional repositories or preprints, as it can lead to productive exchanges as well as earlier and greater citation of published work. REGEPE requires that authors indicate/link the published article with DOI. See the Effect of Open Access.
